PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF TWO GINGER CULTIVARS (BLACK AND YELLOW CULTIVAR) FARM IN ZONKWA, KADUNA STATE

Abstract

The study investigated some selected phytochemical contents of two ginger cultivars, black (UG2) and yellow (UG1), known locally as "Yatsun Biri" and "Tafin Giwa," respectively sourced from Zonkwa, Kaduna State. The laboratory studies were conducted at the National Research Institute for Chemical Technology in Zaria, Kaduna State. 10 grams of dried ginger from each cultivar was obtained and ground into a powder. Ten grams from each cultivar were then subjected to methanolic extraction for phytochemicals. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted on the collected data, and significant mean values were separated using the Duncan Multiple Range Test. The results revealed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the phytochemical compositions of the two cultivars. The yellow ginger cultivar exhibited a (p<0.05) level of alkaloids, tannins, and saponins, which are beneficial for enhancing immunological function and promoting growth in chickens. In addition, these compounds possess antibacterial and antioxidant properties. The black ginger cultivar contained significantly high (p<0.05) levels (0.25mg/100g) of phytate and oxalate which could limit mineral availability in poultry diets. The study concluded that yellow ginger can serve as an effective functional additive in poultry diets, enhancing both immune function and growth performance. In contrast, the incorporation of black ginger into diets requires careful consideration due to its bioavailability challenges, stemming from its high levels of phytate and oxalate.